Zoning is the division of a city into districts that permit specific land uses, such as residential, commercial, industrial or agricultural.
Zoning authority empowers a city to protect residential neighborhoods, promote economic development and restrict hazardous land uses to appropriate areas of the city. It is designed to reduce street congestion, promote safety from fires and other dangers, promote health, provide adequate light and air, prevent overcrowding of land and facilitate the provision of adequate transportation, utilities, schools, parks and other public services and facilities.
As with all issues that affect the residents of a city, the power to zone is best exercised by the level of government that is closest to the people. For example, a person from a small town in the Panhandle cannot possibly know what type of zoning is best for a large coastal city. Chapter 211 of the Texas Local Government Code contains many procedural requirements that must be followed when zoning property, including strict notice and hearing provisions. The requirements ensure that residents of the city and affected neighborhoods have a strong voice any time a zoning change is considered.
In addition, Chapter 211 provides for the creation of a planning and zoning commission to make recommendations on the adoption of initial regulations and to consider proposed amendments. Also, a board of adjustment may be appointed to hear requests for variances from the regulations.
Zoning authority is generally demanded by the residents of cities and citizens, through neighborhood and preservation groups, who support it wholeheartedly. In essence, zoning grants a city the authority to prohibit detrimental uses and to promote beneficial uses. For example, zoning authority allows a city to prohibit leadsmelting plants or junkyards from being located in or near residential areas, thereby protecting the quality of life and property values for residents. Without zoning authority, the property values in a city would certainly drop.
Merle Taylor is the Snyder City Manager. He may be reached at Snyder City Hall or by calling 573-4957 or by email at mtaylor@ci.snyder.tx.us.